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Tuberculosis: The Good, The Bad and The Unfinished!

Tuberculosis (TB) has been with humans since time immemorial. We have been trying to get rid of TB since centuries. Have we done enough? Of course not! TB is still the leading cause of death. What can be done to eliminate TB? This could be a wrong question to ask. We must ask ourselves, what have we done till date and what more can be done to prevent huge loss to mankind from TB. This article gives an account of what has been done so far (the good!); where did we go wrong (the bad!); and what must be done (the unfinished!) to decrease the burden of TB, in India. Let’s start with the progress made thus far, or the “good”. India has come a long way from starting a National TB Program in 1962 (mainly for hospitalizing treatment) to rolling out Revised National TB Program (RNTP) in 1993 and Revised National TB Control Program (RNTCP) in 1997 to achieving its nationwide coverage by 2006.  The national programs imbibed the WHO’s Direct Observed Therapy Shortcourse (DOTS) Str

My Role Models in Indian Science



I am often asked “Whom do you consider as your role model in Indian science?” I must say that as a scientist, I was not fortunate enough to find any single individual as role model…A personality whom I could just follow. Later in my life I realized that as we grow older, our role models keep changing. It is also interesting that one’s early childhood exposure has a profound influence on the future scientific career. While during my school days, my eldest sister mentored me in maths, it was my eldest brother who built in me the passion to solve puzzles. Little did I know at that time that my scientific career will be full of solving the puzzles of mysterious biological systems.

At the beginning of my scientific career at Bangalore, I found Prof. V Sasisekharan as a role model. I remember that as a student, I aspired to be like him and had his thesis as my guideline of my PhD thesis. His thesis had a crystal structure of an amino acid in the appendix and I managed to put a tripeptide crystal structure (published in JACS subsequently) in the appendix of my thesis.    As an individual scientist, Prof. G. N Ramachandran’s extraordinary brilliance, his ability to stand tall among international scientists and clarity with which he could express his ideas on stage impressed me. Hence GNR’s exuberant personality with imaginative creativity was a role model as a scientist. I was also deeply impressed by the vigor and energy that Prof. C.N.R Rao brought into institution building and his passion for science. During the course of my scientific journey, I have followed many of his approaches in institution building with focus on excellence.

While GNR and Sasisekharan were needless to say my scientific role models, the scientific brilliance of Dr. Charles Cantor, a biophysical chemist and his trajectory of science attracted my interest and helped me focus on building a career which was different from both GNR and Sasisekharan. Hence, while as a young student I looked upon Dr. Sasisekharan’s thesis as a model, as a young faculty I followed the bio data of Charles Cantor and as a mature scientist I admire the brilliance, imaginative power and enthusiasm of GNR.  However, I have always wanted to be loved and admired by my students and colleagues and not respected out of fear. Later during my scientific career, as a Director of an institute and as Director General of CSIR, I had a single role model and that was Dr Satish Dhawan, Founder of ISRO.  I have followed him even with the realization that he was the least rewarded and recognized scientist for the outstanding contributions he made during his lifetime. Today ISRO has reached Mars and has in place a master piece of precision engineering, being able to successfully transmit radio signal to space, 200 million kms away, while many of the major institutions in India struggle to establish a successful video conference at merely 20 km distance. I am sure Satish Dhawan is now remembered far more than ever before. According to me, Satish Dhawan indeed is the ultimate level 5 leader of Indian Science who built lasting institutions but was not duly recognized during his time. I consider him a great role model, a scientific leader and an institution builder who is admired by his colleagues and successors even today.  


As I moved on as a scientist, with a passion to build partnerships with industries to translate laboratory research to market place, I found a new role model in Prof. M. M Sharma who has followed Goddess Saraswati to reach Goddess Lakshmi. I profusely admire Prof. M. M Sharma whose personal accomplishments I believe are unmatched, both in terms of his outstanding scientific contributions being an FRS and for the rare and distinct honor of creating extraordinary students, one a follower of Saraswathi -Dr. R. A Mashelkar, an FRS himself and another a follower of Lakshmi -Mr. Mukesh Ambani, the richest Indian. He built an outstanding institute – The Institute of Chemical Technology (earlier known as UDCT) in Mumbai with least dependence on government funding for research. I always wish I had known him earlier- a walking encyclopedia of chemistry and chemical engineering. I also wish that he is looked up as a scientific role model among the young Indian scientific community, for his accomplishments reach beyond the so called indices we use often to measure scientists. It is indeed heartening to note that The Institution of Chemical Engineers (IChemE), UK has instituted a medal in his honor for the lifetime achievement of a chemical engineer- a medal on which his photograph is embossed. This indeed is a rare distinction for a humble scientist like him whose contributions to industry and academia is extraordinarily high.  I wish Indian scientific community projects him and propagates his style of science and life as a model for the future young Indian scientists to emulate.  As Indian science needs tall scientific leaders with the ability to translate their knowledge to industrial growth and wealth generation, Prof. M. M Sharma is a unique role model for the next generation scientists of India.

Hence during my lifetime, I created a synthetic role model for myself as I progressed in my scientific career, using the unique characteristics of individuals I much admired and could only emulate a small fraction of the personalities of these great leaders of Indian Science.


SKBlog-09 

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